TOP
TIPS
Dental disease can take many forms but the
most common problem seen in dogs and cats is
periodontal disease. It begins with the accumulation
of plaque (a film composed of bacteria, salivary
proteins, sugar and calcium) on the tooth surface.
The bacteria then cause gingivitis (inflammation
of the gum) which leads to destruction of the
periodontal ligament supporting the tooth in
the jawbone. Over time the plaque becomes
mineralized to form tartar which causes the gum
to be lifted off the tooth surface. Eventually the
tooth becomes loose and may be lost.
Signs of dental disease
l
bad breath (halitosis);
l
tartar or plaque on teeth near gum line;
l
reluctance to chew or visible discomfort;
l
dropping food from the mouth;
l
difficulty swallowing;
l
increased salivation possibly
with blood;
l
pawing or rubbing at mouth;
l
weight loss.
Bacteria associated with periodontal
disease can spread to other structures
in the mouth or enter the blood stream
and lead to damage to the heart,
kidneys or liver.
Prevention and treatment of
dental disease
l
Feed a good quality dry diet which will reduce
food residue on teeth (some diets have a
specific kibble design, others include a
chemical anti-tartar ingredient).
l
Provide suitable chew toys under supervision.
l
Brush your pet’s teeth using a brush and
specific dog or cat toothpaste.
l
Regular appointments with your veterinary
surgeon and nurse to detect disease early.
l
When required, teeth should be scaled
and polished under anaesthetic by your
veterinary surgeon.
l
Chlorhexidine oral rinse or gel can be applied
as an anti-plaque antiseptic.
Dental disease is the most common clinical condition
occurring in adult dogs and cats and it is preventable
in many cases. It is present in 80-85% of dogs and cats
over three years old.
Caring for your
animals’ teeth
Catherine Hutchison BVMS MRCVS
Ardene House Vet Practice