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Definitions

ICT - Information and Communication Technology 

ICT goods are those that are either intended to fulfil the function of information processing and communication by electronic means, including transmission and display, OR which use electronic processing to detect, measure and/or record physical phenomena, or to control a physical process.
ICT goods are defined by the OECD in terms of the United Nations Harmonised System.

Context:
The guiding principle for the delineation of ICT goods is that such goods must either be intended to fulfil the function of information processing and communication by electronic means, including transmission and display, OR use electronic processing to detect, measure and/or record physical phenomena, or to control a physical process.
Another guiding principle was to use existing classification systems in order to take advantage of existing data sets and therefore ensure the immediate use of the proposed standard. In this case, the underlying system is the Harmonized System (HS). The HS is the only commodity classification system used on a sufficiently wide basis to support international data comparison. A large number of countries use it to classify export and import of goods, and many countries use it (or a classification derived from or linked to it) to categorise domestic outputs.
The application of the ICT product definition to selection of in-scope HS categories is a somewhat subjective exercise. The fact that the HS is not built on the basis of the functionality of products makes it much more difficult. The distinction between products which fulfil those functions and products that simply embody electronics but fundamentally fulfil other functions is not always obvious.
It is possible to adopt a narrow or broad interpretation of the guideline, though the OECD chose a broader interpretation, an approach which is consistent with that adopted to develop the ICT sector definition.
ICT goods as defined by the OECD in terms of the HS are presented in the Annex to the paper referred to in the Source Publication.

Source Publication: OECD, 2003, A Proposed Classification of ICT Goods, OECD Working Party on Indicators for the Information Society, OECD, Paris.  https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=6274


Teacher development

Teacher developmen can be defined as a systematized, initial and continuous, coherent and modular process of professional development of educators in accordance with professional competency standards and frameworks. Teacher development would also include training in the adaptation to the evolution of change of the profession of teachers and managers of education systems

Isaacs 2006


E-learning and educational technology

Educational technology is the effective use of technological tools in learning. As a concept, it concerns an array of tools, such as media, machines and networking hardware, as well as considering underlying theoretical perspectives for their effective application.
Educational technology is not restricted to high technology. Nonetheless, electronic educational technology, also called e-learning, has become an important part of society today, comprising an extensive array of digitization approaches, components and delivery methods. For example, m-learning emphasizes mobility, but is otherwise indistinguishable in principle from educational technology.
Educational technology includes numerous types of media that deliver text, audio, images, animation, and streaming video, and includes technology applications and processes such as audio or video tape, satellite TV, CD-ROM, and computer-based learning, as well as local intranet/extranet and web-based learning. Information and communication systems, whether free-standing or based on either local networks or the Internet in networked learning, underlie many e-learning processes.
Theoretical perspectives and scientific testing influence instructional design. The application of theories of human behavior to educational technology derives input from instructional theory, learning theory, educational psychology, media psychology and human performance technology.
Educational technology and e-learning can occur in or out of the classroom. It can be self-paced, asynchronous learning or may be instructor-led, synchronous learning. It is suited to distance learning and in conjunction with face-to-face teaching, which is termed blended learning. Educational technology is used by learners and educators in homes, schools (both K-12 and higher education), businesses, and other settings.

E-learning most often means an approach to facilitate and enhance learning by means of personal computers, CDROMs, and the Internet. This includes email, discussion forums, and collaborative software, e.g. BSCW or CSCW (computer supported cooperative work). http://www.unevoc.unesco.org/go.php?q=e-Learning&context=

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology


Moodle

Moodle is a CMS - course (or content) management system.  It is a free, Open Source software package designed using sound pedagogical principles, to help educators to create effective online learning communities. The software can be download and used on any computer and it can scale from a single-teacher site to a 40000 learners.


eXeLearning

eXeLearning is a free software tool released under GPL-2 that can be used to create educational interactive web content. eXeLearning can generate interactive contents in XHTML or HTML5 format. It allows authors to create easily navigable web pages including text, images, interactive activities, image galleries or multimedia clips and to export the contents in different formats such as ePub3 (an open standard for e-books), IMS or SCORM (educational standards used to publish interactive contents in platforms or elearning tools as Moodle or any other OER (Open Educational Resources) repositories or XLIFF (standard for translation)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EXeLearning 


The opensource software concept

Open-source software (OSS) is computer software with its source code made available with a license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose. Open-source software may be developed in a collaborative public manner. Open-source software is the most prominent example of open-source development and often compared to (technically defined) user-generated content or (legally defined) open-content movements.
The open-source model, or collaborative competition development from multiple independent sources, generates an increasingly diverse scope of design perspective than one company development alone can sustain long term. And a report by the Standish Group (from 2008) states that adoption of open-source software models has resulted in savings of about $60 billion per year to consumers.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software


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